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Phenotypic divergence of sand flathead ( Platycephalus bassensis) between heavily and lightly fished regions in Tasmania, Australia

), a benthic ambush predator with strong site fidelity, supports lutruwita (Tasmania's) largest recreational fishery and is exposed to contrasting levels of fishing pressure across its range. In southern Tasmania, fishing mortality exceeds natural mortality more than fivefold and biomass has fallen below 20% of unfished levels, while northern regions remain comparatively lightly fished. This regional contrast offers a natural setting in which to investigate whether sustained harvest is associated with regional differences in physiology and behaviour, and whether such variation is more consistent with fishing pressure, environmental conditions, or their interaction. We compared mass-specific metabolic rate, boldness, and size-at-age between sand flathead from heavily and lightly fished regions. Metabolic rate was measured using intermittent flow-through respirometry, and boldness was …

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