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Child nutrition as a factor regulating microbiota-gut-brain interactions

The gut microbiome plays a key role in the developing body, being a crucial component of bidirectional functional axes. There is a cross-talk between the gut microbiota composition and immune system development, metabolism, neurogenesis, gastrointestinal integrity and many other processes. The mechanisms whereby this influence is exerted are actively discussed. The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, regulating various physiological processes. The gut microbiota is considered to regulate neurodevelopment through three pathways: the immune pathway, the neuronal pathway, and the endocrine-systemic pathway, which overlap and cross-talk with each other. The gut microbiome is a system which undergoes dynamic changes, which pattern has certain regularities. During fetal development, the microbiome progresses over time …

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