Volta

Structural Violence and Racial Disparity in HIV Transmission

Unknown authors · 2004
hash_id: 46bc6a3984d6eb18e9da219a0a045341dbe4c23350b3c7bc10083c77b25fb542 · DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2004.0043

Among women of color in the United States, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is rising. Most of the research on this topic, however, has focused on individual-level risk factors, which do not fully explain racial or ethnic differences in infection rates. This article uses structural violence as a conceptual framework to examine ecological-level risk factors leading to disparate rates of heterosexually transmitted HIV among women of color in Syracuse, New York. Three ecological pathways to disproportionate infection are discussed: community rates of infection, concurrent partnerships, and increased vulnerability. The discussion of the pathways considers the following macro-level risk factors: disproportionate incarceration rates of African American men, residential segregation, gang turf, constraints on access to sexually transmitted disease services, …

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