Volta

Data-driven analysis reveals distinct genomic and environmental contributions to bacterial growth curves

Bacterial growth dynamics, typically represented by growth curves, are fundamental yet complex features of living populations. Traditional analyses focusing on specific parameters often overlook the full temporal patterns of growth. Here, we systematically investigated how genomic and environmental factors shape bacterial growth dynamics by analyzing 870 growth curves from five Escherichia coli strains with varying genome sizes cultured in 29 chemically defined media. Using dynamic time warping, clustering, and gradient boosting decision trees, we found that environmental components, especially glucose, primarily determine overall growth curve patterns, while genome size governs detailed growth parameters such as lag time, growth rate, and carrying capacity. Notably, finer clustering revealed increased genomic influence and decreased environmental impact, suggesting a hierarchical interaction where the environment …

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