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Atypical development of resting-state periodic and aperiodic EEG activity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

BACKGROUND: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) carries increased psychosis risk, making it a valuable model for identifying neurobiological markers. Electrophysiological alterations similar to idiopathic psychosis have been reported, particularly in gamma-band oscillations. However, the aperiodic 1/f component, a putative marker of excitatory-inhibitory balance, is rarely separated from periodic activity, and the developmental trajectories of both remain largely unexplored in 22q11DS. METHODS: This longitudinal study included 117 individuals with 22q11DS and 96 healthy controls (HC), aged 6-35 years, totaling 451 eyes-closed resting-state EEG recordings. Spectral relative power (RP) was computed across six frequency bands over whole scalp, frontal, and occipital electrodes. Aperiodic exponent and offset were extracted across the whole scalp. Mixed-model regression analyses examined developmental trajectories in 22q11DS and HC. RESULTS: …

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