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Examining causal pathways between family adversity and soiling: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Objective We aimed to examine the associations between family adversity in infancy with subsequent daytime soiling at primary school age. We also examined factors on the casual pathway between family adversity and soiling, specifically the child’s emotional/behaviour problems and constipation. Design This prospective cohort study included children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children ( N =10 033) with data on the Family Adversity Index (FAI; birth to age 2), daytime soiling at age 7.5, emotional/behaviour problems at age 4, and constipation at age 6. We examined the relationships between the FAI, soiling, emotional/behaviour problems, and constipation. We then evaluated the mediating effects of emotional/behaviour problems and constipation. All analyses were adjusted for child and family related …

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