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Freshwater Biodiversity Research in Brazil: Trends from a Systematic Review and Topic Modeling

ABSTRACT Brazil is a megadiverse country that hosts six major biomes and a vast freshwater network. Despite this richness, research on freshwater biodiversity has been heterogeneous across regions, communities, and time, leaving significant knowledge gaps. Previous syntheses have typically focused on individual taxa or specific biomes, providing important but fragmented perspectives that limit cross‐community comparisons. To assess these limitations, we reviewed literature on fungi, phytoplankton, macrophytes, zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, meiofauna, and fish, applying text mining and topic modeling. The earliest studies, dating back to the 1970s, focused on zooplankton. From 2005 onward, research expanded rapidly, with fish and macroinvertebrate emerging as the most studied groups, while fungi remained the least investigated. Topic mapping revealed community‐specific emphases. Fish research often addressed dam …

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