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Cerebral Neurovascular Networks May Serve as Potential Targets for Identifying Disorders of Consciousness: A Synchronous Electroencephalography and Functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Study

The diagnosis and management of disorders of consciousness (DoC) remain a critical challenge in clinical medicine and neuroscience. The key bottleneck is the lack of reliable biomarkers and an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie DoC. In view of this, a bedside-compatible, multimodal technique based on electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was utilized to simultaneously capture neuronal oscillations and accompanying hemodynamics, so as to explore neurovascular biomarkers that can effectively discriminate different states of DoC. Resting-state EEG-fNIRS data from 13 regions of interest (ROIs) were acquired and compared across healthy controls (HC), minimally conscious state (MCS), and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) groups. Hemodynamics-based functional connectivity and the spectral power of neuronal activity were quantified and subsequently …

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