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When Maturation is Not Linear: Brain Oscillatory Activity in the Process of Aging as Measured by Electrophysiology

Abstract Changes in brain oscillatory activity are commonly used as biomarkers both in cognitive neuroscience and in neuropsychiatric conditions. However, little is known about how its profile changes across maturation. Here we use regression models to characterize magnetoencephalography power changes within classical frequency bands in a sample of 792 healthy participants, covering the range 13 to 80 years old. Our results reveal complex, non-linear trajectories of power changes that challenge the linear model traditionally reported. Moreover, these trajectories also exhibit variations across cortical regions. Remarkably, we observed that increases in slow wave activity are associated with a better cognitive performance across the lifespan, as well as with larger gray matter volume for elderlies, while fast wave activity decreases with adulthood. …

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