Volta

Food‐Grade Microbial‐Origin Antimicrobial Peptides: Structure–Activity Relationships, Mechanisms of Action, and Applications in Food Preservation

The pervasive threat of microbial contamination and the escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance necessitate the development of novel, sustainable food preservation strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially those sourced from food-grade microbes, are emerging as feasible substitutes for conventional chemical preservatives. They provide substantial benefits, including biodegradability, excellent biocompatibility, and a beneficial foundation for later safety evaluations and risk management. This review critically synthesizes current knowledge on AMPs sourced from edible fungi, fermented fungi, and probiotics. It systematically reviews AMP biosynthetic pathways and sources, with an emphasis on structure-activity relationships to link structural features to antimicrobial activity and safety. It further analyzes mechanisms of action across two major modes, membrane targeting and intracellular targeting, and surveys AI-assisted de novo design strategies. …

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